Autobiographical interviews of Jews born in German speaking countries ("Yekkes") - 50/60 years after their immigration to Israel

Born 09/27/1908, Rakowice; Biography: Jewish grammar school, graduation 1924; one year Jeschiwa, commercial apprenticeship, work in a book shop, A-Levels in evening classes, work as salesman. Also in the interview: his wife Marianne Hebrew lessons, studied Mathematics from 1931-33. Emigration to France in 1933; return to Germany, work in a market garden within the Hachshara. Emigration to Palestine in 1937; Kibbutz Hasorea, worked for an auditor, later as salesman. 8 years after his father's death his cousin bought his publishing firm and antiquarian book shop and transfered it in 1933 to Palestine. In 1949 Oskar joined the firm and set up his own antiquarian book shop after his cousin's death. Since 1973 only a publishing firm until today. Refusal to Hebraization of name. His father (language, career, early death). Move to Frankfurt. Grandparents. School training. Yeshiva and instruction. Hebrew instruction and knowledge. Last years in Germany; evening school and studies. Sudden attacks by anti-Semitic Germans. Discussion: Is it possible to identify a Jewish style? Another attack His relationship to Germany and non-Jews. Circle of friends; mostly Jews. His sensitivity toward Judaism. Marianne's parental home and youth in Germany. No thought of return. Lack of knowledge of Hebrew. His extremely Jewish consciousness. Anti-Semitism. Scarce acceptance of Jews. Opinions of authors about being Jewish. Homogeneity in pre-war Germany. “Homelessness” of the immigrants. ; Peculiarity of the welfare and cultural associations for Germans born in the eastern areas of the former Reich and of their traditions. His emigration and Hachshara. Immigration: stay in a Kibbutz and other activities. His beginnings as a book dealer. Cousin’s death and sale of bookstore. Building of a publishing company. His favorite activity: Antique shop. His attitude toward his profession, experiences. Mariane's cooperation in the business and language contact. Oskar's reading interests. Reunion with family. First return to Germany. His two homelands and sympathy for them. Her cosmopolitanism. His problem of adaptation. German youth’s attitude in the Gulf War. His opinion on the Palestinian question. His jekkish qualities (German immigrant). Positive accomplishments of the Jekkes. Diminution of positive qualities. Importance of definite forces. Example: Islam in Spain.