Asmodeus (Demon)
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معلومات حول الهوية:
الاسم الرئيس (بالعبرية)
אשמדאי
الاسم الرئيس (باللاتينية)
Asmodeus (Demon)
صِيَغ اسمية أخرى
'Aσμοδαi̋ος (Demon)
Aesmadiv (Demon)
Aēšma-daēva (Demon)
Ashmedai (Demon)
Asmodai (Demon)
Asmodaios (Demon)
Asmodee (Demon)
Chammadai (Demon)
Chashmodai (Demon)
Chasmodai (Demon)
Daēva Aēšma (Demon)
Hammad'āy (Demon)
Hammadai' (Demon)
Hashmedai (Demon)
Hasmodai (Demon)
Osmodai (Demon)
Osmodeus (Demon)
Sidon'āy (Demon)
Sidonai (Demon)
Šamdōn (Demon)
Æshma (Demon)
Asmodeus, king of demons
Ashmedai king of demons
אשמדי
النوع الاجتماعي
male
MARC
MARC
أرقام تعريفية أخرى
مصادر المعلومات
- Britannica Academic Online, August 13, 2017Asmodeus (Hebrew Ashmedai, in Jewish legend, the king of demons. According to the apocryphal book of Tobit, Asmodeus, smitten with love for Sarah, the daughter of Raguel, killed her seven successive husbands on their wedding nights. Following instructions given to him by the angel Raphael, Tobias overcame Asmodeus and married Sarah. The Talmud relates that Solomon captured the demon and pressed him into slave labour during the construction of the First Temple of Jerusalem. Other Haggadic legends depict Asmodeus as a more beneficent figure.)
- ASMODEUS (ASMODEUS/Ashmedai, an "evil spirit" or "evil demon." In the talmudic aggadah, Asmodeus is described as "king of the demons" (Pes. 110a). According to Rapoport, the concept of such a personage originated in Babylonian myth, though the name is Hebrew, derived from the root שמד, "to destroy." It is more likely, however, that the name derives from the Persian aesma daeva or aesmadiv, i.e., "the spirit of anger" which accompanies the god of evil. Asmodeus first appears in the apocryphal book of Tobit (3:8, 17), which describes how in a fit of jealousy he slew the successive husbands of a young girl. He is again depicted as a malefactor--and in particular as the sower of discord between husband and wife--in the Testament of Solomon (first century C.E.). Throughout the later aggadah, however, Asmodeus is a gay creature, inclined at worst to drunkenness, mischief, gambling, and licentiousness. The Talmud nowhere identifies him as an evildoer, and in fact often assigns him the specific function of preserving the ethical order of the world. Asmodeus does, to be sure, usurp the throne of King Solomon in the celebrated talmudic account of his confrontation with the king (Git. 68a-b; Num. R. 11:3). But even here the demon is not vindictive: his actions are presented as opening the king's eyes to the emptiness and vanity of worldly possessions. What is more, the Asmodeus of this story is the source of considerable benefit to Solomon. He provides the king with the shamir, a worm whose touch cleaves rocks, and so enables Solomon's builders to hew stones for the Temple without the use of prohibited iron tools. ( (Encyclopaedia Judaica Online, 2nd edition, 2007) )
- JewishEncyclopedia.com, 1906ÆSHMA (ASMODEUS, ASHMEDAI) )In the Mazdian religion the chief of the demons. Asmodeus (Ashmedai) embodies an expression of the influence that the Persian religion or Persian popular beliefs have exercised on the Jewish -- an influence that shows itself very prominently in the domain of demonology. Ashmedai of the Talmud would seem to come into direct comparison with a Greek satyr rather than with an evil demon.)
- Asmodeus (The name Asmodai is believed to derive from Avestan language *aēšma-daēva, where aēšma means "wrath," and daēva signifies "demon" or "divine being." While the daēva Aēšma is thus Zoroastrianism's demon of wrath and is also well attested as such, the compound aēšma-daēva is not attested in scripture. It is nonetheless likely that such a form did exist, and that the Book of Tobit's "Asmodaios" ('Aσμοδαi̋ος) and the Talmud's "Ashmedai" (אשמדאי) reflect it. The spellings Asmodai, Asmodee, Osmodeus, and Osmodai have also been used. The name is alternatively spelled in the bastardized forms (based on the basic consonants אשמדאי, ʼŠMDʼY) Hashmedai (חַשְמְדּאָי, Hašmedʼāy; also Hashmodai, Hasmodai, Chashmodai, Chasmodai), Hammadai (חַמַּדּאָי, Hammadʼāy; also Chammadai), Shamdon (שַׁמְדּוֹן, Šamdōn), and Sidonai (שִׁדנאָי, Šidonʼāy). Some traditions have subsequently identified Shamdon as the father of Asmodeus. The Jewish Encyclopedia of 1906 rejects the otherwise accepted etymological relation between the Persian "Æshma-dæva" and Judaism's "Ashmodai" claiming that the particle "-dæva" could not have become "-dai" and that Æshma-dæva as such--a compound name--never appears in Persian sacred texts. ( (Wikipedia, viewed September 26, 2017) )
- Work cat.: Kaminka, Armand. The origin of the Ashmedai legend in the Babylonian Talmud, 1922 :(Ashmedai; King of the demons). This legend appears in various sources including in the Talmud (Gittin, 68a), the Book of Tobit, and in the Pseudepigraphic work The Testament of Solomon.
- אגדת שלמה ואשמדאי בכתבי יד מן הגניזה הקהירית:
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Asmodaeus
Louis Le Breton, Public domain