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Elias Tcherikover (1881-1943) was a historian of Russian Jewish life and anti-Jewish violence. He was born in Poltava, where his father was a pioneer of the Ḥibat Tsiyon Movement. After the 1905 Revolution, he devoted himself to Russian-Jewish studies, and contributed articles to various Russian-Jewish periodicals. In 1915 Tcherikover moved to New York, where participated in the Jewish Congress movement. Returning to Russia after the February Revolution, Tcherikover settled in Kiev and became a leading figure in a small group of Jewish intellectuals who compiled many thousands of eyewitness reports and documents on pogroms and other phases of Jewish life in the Ukraine. In 1921 he left for Berlin, where he and his colleagues plan to publish a seven-volume history of the pogrom movement in the Ukraine in the years 1917–1921. In 1925 Tcherikover was one of the founders of the YIVO Institute in Vilnius and later became secretary of the Historical Section of YIVO. In 1920s-1930s he was a key expert in a few trials relating to antisemitism (for example in Sholem Schwartzbard’s trial in Paris in 1927). After Hitler's rise to power, Tcherikover moved to Paris and in 1940 immigrated to the US. Materials in the Tcherikover’ personal collection refer to various aspects of pogroms against the Jews in Ukraine, Belarus and Lithuania, to aiding the pogroms’ victims, and to the international Jewish public struggle against the pogroms and those responsible for them. The collection is especially strong in numerous witness testimonies of the pogroms in various places, investigation materials and correspondence on the pogroms. The collection includes articles from press in relation to the pogroms, reports of different organizations and public figures. It contains references to the pogroms of the local Ukrainian, German, Soviet authorities and the military command personnel. An important part of the collection are documents that shed light on organization of Jewish self-defense and on the All-Russian Union of Jewish Warriors (1917-1919). The collection demonstrates activities of Western Jewish organizations, including the Committee of Jewish Delegations in Paris and the Committee for the Defense of Sholem Schwartzbard. Inter alia, the collection contains records relating to Sholem Schwartzbard’s trial --
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