Ultra-Orthodox Jewry in Eretz Israel during the British Mandate and Today

Arrived in Jerusalem from Germany in 1934 and elected to Council of Agudat Israel. Many olim arriving after Kristallnacht disagreeing with direction of Old Yishuv dominated council, which dealt mainly with external affairs. Demand of olim to deal with internal affairs such as education and building synagogues; Founding of Horev school by olim, in spirit of Torah and Derekh Eretz (Torah together with conducting a productive life) which also taught secular subjects. Objection to school by Old Yishuv establishment and threat of Rabbi Dushinsky to issue religious ban (herem) on school. Reached compromise after meeting with Rabbi Dushinsky. Germans exiting Council of Agudat Israel in Jerusalem and founding of Jewish Agency of Agudat Israel. Aliyah from Germany and Poland created problems of absorption and settlement. Thus need arose for contact with secular national organizations in opposition to policies of Central Committee of Agudat Israel. Founding of Poalei Agudat Israel; opposition by members of Central Committee of Agudat Israel, not believing it possible to combine agriculture with adherence to mitzvot (religious precepts). Further differences of opinion with regard to recommendations of Peel Commission for partition of Eretz Israel.