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The Jewish Colonization Association was founded in 1891 by Baron Maurice de Hirsch of Paris, with the purpose of assisting Jews in depressed economic circumstances or in countries which persecuted them politically (chiefly Eastern Europe). The most prominent of its activities was the resettling of Jews from Eastern Europe on lands purchased for them in South America, chiefly Argentina and Brazil. However, JCA also devoted much effort and money to education, especially vocational training in hundreds of Eastern communities, as well as encouraging agriculture and small industrial ventures in these countries. The Central Archives for the History of the Jewish People hold three archival collections of JCA: 1) The archives of JCA’s head office, which was located in Paris until 1949 (when it moved to London). 2) The archives of JCA’s Argentinean office, which was located in Buenos Aires. 3) Files from the office of JCA's Turkish headquarters
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