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Chajim (Heymann) Steinthal (1823 – 1899) was a linguist and a philosopher. He studied philology, philosophy and psychology at the universities of Berlin and Tübingen, and obtained his PhD in Tübingen in 1847. In 1850 he was appointed associate professor at the university of Berlin and later taught at the Hochschule für die Wissenschaft des Judentums ('Higher School of Jewish Studies'). In 1851 he married Jeanette Lazarus, the sister of Moritz Lazarus. Steinthal is said to have studied 24 different languages, many of them non-European, for example Tibetan, Mongolian, Japanese, Turkish and Persian. He taught seminars on Chinese literature and Grammar, comparative mythology and the history of epic poetry. With Moritz Lazarus he founded the Zeitschrift für Völkerkunde ('Journal of Ethnology') in 1860. In 1869 he was one of the founding members of the Berlin society for anthropology, ethnology and prehistory. In 1884 he published Wilhelm von Humboldt's philological works. From 1883 he was also one of the directors of the Deutsch-Israelitischen Gemeindebund ('Association of German-Israelite Congregations') and in charge of the department of religious education in several small communities.
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