Rabbi Ya'akov Yitzchaki (1846 Derbent -1917 Jerusalem) was a prominent communal leader of the Mountain Jews. From 1868, he served as the Chief Rabbi of Derbent and Dagestan. He established a yeshivah in Derbent, wrote several religious and historical compositions in Hebrew, and an article in Russian about the history of Mountain Jews for the Ministry of Interior. He studied Judeo-Spanish poetry from the Golden Age, the Judeo-Tati/Juhuri language, and took part in the activities of the Society for the Promotion of Enlightenment among the Jews of Russia (OPE), founded in St. Petersburg in 1863. His best-known book is Ohalei Ya'akov. In 1878, when many Jews were arrested in Kuba following a blood libel, Rabbi Ya'akov Yitzchaki turned to well-known Jews in the Russian capital to help the defendants. In the early 1880s, he supported the “Hovevei Zion” movement, and in 1907 immigrated to Jerusalem. Along with a group of Mountain Jews from Daghestan and others, he established an agricultural settlement which became the town of Be’er Ya‘akov. The town was named in his honor after his death. Rabbi Ya'akov Yitzchaki died during WWI in 1917. Various facets and phases of Rabbi Ya'akov Yitzchaki's activities are reflected in his private collection. An important part of the collection is Yitzchaki’s extensive correspondence with Jewish public figures and Jewish institutions in Tsarist Russia and Europe regarding public activities and research. The collection also includes: Yitzchaki’s personal documents; materials regarding his communal activities as a rabbi; papers on the aid he provided to Persian and Mountain Jews; records related to the history of the Mountain Jews; the rabbi’s works; materials regarding Ya'kov's father's activities as a rabbi in Derbent, etc. --
Yitzchaki, J
Enlarge text Shrink textTitle |
Yitzchaki, J. |
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Contributors |
Yitsḥaḳ,Yitsḥaḳi 1901-1955 Moses Mordecai,Epstein 1866-1933 YacovLipschutz Ḥayyim Jonah,Gurland 1843-1890 Joseph Judah,Chorny -1880 Ephraim,Deinard 1846-1930 Albert,Harkavy 1835-1919 Judah Leib,Gordon 1830-1892 Moses,Montefiore Sir, 1784-1885 Abraham A.Schwadron Obshchestvo dli︠a︡ rasprostr. prosv. mezhdu evrei︠a︡mi v Rossīi Ḥoveve Tsiyon Alliance israélite universelle |
Notes |
Private collection of Abraham Schwadron at the National Library of Israel in Jerusalem includes a letter from Ya’akov Yitzhaki in Hebrew (1905) regarding a recommendation for Eviatar Ben Yeshai, who moved to Eretz Israel to visit the Tzadiks tombs (Schwad 01 10 131). |
Host Item |
Yitzchaki, J. - Private Collection |
Level of Description |
Fonds Record |
Biographical summary |
Rabbi Ya'akov Yitzchaki was born in Derbent, Dagestan in 1846. His father, Yitzhak Yitzhaki, was the rabbi of Derbent. Ya'akov Yitzchaki learned Torah from his father, received a general education and studied Russian. In 1868, he replaced his father in the position of the Chief Rabbi of Derbent and Dagestan. He established a yeshivah in Derbent, wrote several religious and historical compositions in Hebrew, and an article in Russian about the history of the Mountain Jews for the Ministry of Interior. Ya'akov Yitzchaki was highly regarded by the Russian government. He was a member of the Imperial Saint Petersburg Academy of Sciences, and in 1860 received from Tsar Alexander II a medal of honor and a gold ring. Rabbi Ya'akov Yitzchaki studied Judeo-Spanish poetry of the Golden Age, Judeo-Tati/Juhuri language, and took part in the activities of the Society for the Promotion of Enlightenment among the Jews of Russia (OPE), founded in St. Petersburg in 1863. In the 1870s-1880s, he aided Persian and Mountain Jews who suffered persecution. For example, in 1878, when several hundred Jews were arrested in Kuba following a blood libel, Rabbi Ya'akov Yitzchaki turned to well-known Jews in the Russian capital to help the defendants. In the early 1880s, he supported the “Hovevei Zion” movement, and in 1907 moved to the Land of Israel, and settled in Jerusalem. Along with a group of Mountain Jews from Daghestan and others, he established an agricultural settlement which became the town of Be’er Ya‘akov. The town was named in his honor after his death. Rabbi Ya'akov Yitzchaki died in Jerusalem during WWI, shortly before the city was liberated by the British army, in the early summer of 1917. |
Ownership history |
In 1974, the son of Rabbi Yaakov Yitzchaki, Yitzhak Yitzchaki, transferred part of his father's archives to the Central Archives for the History of the Jewish People in Jerusalem. |
Language Note |
Russian Hebrew Persian |
National Library system number |
990043435570205171 |
Links |
פרטים על מיקום החומר/Location&access |
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MARC RECORDS
Tags
- Jews -- Russia
- Mountain Jews -- Caucasus -- History
- Judeo-Tajik language
- Jews -- Spain -- History -- 11th century
- Blood accusation -- Russia
- Antisemitism -- Russia
- Jews -- Iran -- Hamadan
- Immigrants -- Israel -- Be'er Ya'akov
- World War, 1914-1918 -- Israel -- Jerusalem -- Ohalei Ya'akov
- Dagestan (Russia)
- Derbent (Russia)
- Kuba (Dagestan, Russia)
- Be'er Ya'akov (Israel)
- Jerusalem (Israel)
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