United States. Federal Election Commission

The Federal Election Commission (FEC) is an independent agency of the United States federal government that enforces federal campaign finance laws and oversees federal elections of the United States. Created in 1974 through amendments to the Federal Election Campaign Act, the commission describes its duties as "to disclose campaign finance information, to enforce the provisions of the law such as the limits and prohibitions on contributions, and to oversee the public funding of Presidential elections." It is led by six commissioners who are nominated by the president and confirmed by the Senate. Under the first Trump administration the commission was unable to function from late August 2019 to December 2020, except for the period of May 2020 to July 2020, due to lack of a quorum. In December 2020, three commissioners were appointed to restore a quorum; however, due to back log some cases exceeded a five-year statute of limitations and died for lack of commission action. Also deadlocks arising from the equal number of members from the Republican and Democratic parties with the absence of a tie-breaking vote resulted in some controversial investigations not being pursued. Under the second Trump administration, the FEC again became inoperative starting on May 1, 2025 due to a lack of quorum.