Ocean zoning

Our knowledge of the oceans is increasing rapidly, as more powerful tools for exploration and exploitation make it easier to locate valuable resources, such as fish stocks, oil and gas reserves, or sites for wind and hydropower schemes. At the same time competition for space has intensified, affecting marine life and people's livelihoods. Much has been written about marine management using marine protected areas, but MPAs are only a small subset of spatial management tools available. MPAs and MPA networks are better seen as starting points for more comprehensive spatial management, facilitated by ocean zoning. This logical scaling up from discreet piecemeal protected areas to larger and more systematic planning is happening around the world, but few are aware that we are entering a brave new world in ocean management with zoning at its core.1. Introduction2. Marine Management Challenges: How Ocean Zoning Can Help Overcome Them3. Ocean Zoning Steps 4. Zoning within the Great Barrier Reef Marine Park (Australia)5. Various Incarnations of Ocean Zoning in New Zealand6. Zoning Efforts in United Kingdom Waters7. Zoning Undertaken by the OSPAR Countries of the Northeast Atlantic 9. Possibilities for Holistic Zoning of the Mediterranean SeaAnnexes:Annex 1: IUCN Protected Area CategoriesAnnex 2: Recommended Further ReadingIndexPublished with MARES, Forest Trends and UNEPThis book provides guidance on using ocean zoning to improve marine management. It reviews the benefits of ocean zoning in theory, reviews progress made in zoning around the world through a wide range of case studies, and derives lessons learned to recommend a process by which future zoning can be maximally effective and efficient.